Contact Information Phone: 218-726-6007 Fax: Email: ander163@d.umn.edu Address: 354 Kirby Plaza 1208 Kirby Drive Duluth, MN 55812-3095

Assistant Professor
Adjunct, Primary Appointment with Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Research

Thyroid hormone, brain development, nutritional regulation of gene expression, lipid metabolism

Thyroid hormone deficiency during fetal and early childhood development is a major worldwide public health problem causing mental retardation and irreversible brain damage. The long-term goal of this research program is to understand the mechanism by which thyroid hormone (TH) regulates mammalian brain development. Studies in our laboratory attempt to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in transcriptional regulation of TH-responsive brain genes. Manipulating the expression of these genes in the mature animal could provide important therapeutic applications for treatment of ailments such as brain and spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.

Our research program also studies the mechanisms by which TH and dietary sugars regulate the expression of genes involved in lipid synthesis. Both an increase in TH levels and an increase in the consumption of dietary sucrose stimulate the genes that produce long chain fatty acids in the liver and in fat. Both these factors interact synergistically to regulate these genes. In the absence of TH, dietary sugars cannot effectively induce the lipogenic enzyme genes. Similarly, in fasted animals the administration of TH is associated with markedly decreased response of these genes. An understanding of the regulation of this system will allow us to develop strategies to effectively treat diseases such as obesity or prevent complications from diseases associated with metabolic dysfunction such as diabetes mellitus.

Research Techniques Used:

• Primary brain cell culture
• In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry
• Chromosomal immunoprecipitation
• Real time RT-PCR
• Creation of “knockout” mice

Education

Laboratory Personnel

Publications

Publications on PubMed

Recent Peer-Reviewed Manuscripts

Anderson GW, Zhu Q, Mucha GT, Parks EJ, Metkowski JK, Mariash CN. The Spot 14 protein is required for de novo lipid synthesis in the lactating mammary gland. In press. Endocrinology.

Jones SA, Thoemke KR, Anderson GW. (2005) The role of thyroid hormone in fetal and neonatal brain development. Current Opinion in Endocrinology and Diabetes. 12:10-16.

Schoonover CR, Seibel MM, Jolson DM, Stack MJ, Rahman R, Jones SA, Mariash CN, Anderson GW. (2004) Thyroid hormone regulates oligodendrocyte accumulation in developing rat brain white matter tracts. Endocrinology. 145(11): 5013-5020.

Anderson GW, Bernal J, Galton V, Thompson C, Wondisford F. (2004) Molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone action in brain development. Environmental Health Perspectives. In press.

Anderson GW, Schoonover CM, Jones SA. (2003) Control of thyroid hormone action in the developing rat brain. Thyroid. 13(11): 1039-1056.

Campbell MC, Anderson GW, Mariash CN. (2003) The human and rat S14 genes are differentially regulated by thyroid hormone. Endocrinology. 144(12): 5242-5248.

Arnold AM, Anderson GW, McIver B, Eberhardt NL. (2003) A novel dynamin III isoform is up-regulated in the central nervous system in hypothyroidism. Int J Dev Neurosci. (2003) 21(5):267-75.

Jones SA, Jolson DM, Cuta KK, Mariash CN, Anderson GW. (2003) Triiodothyronine is a survival factor for developing oligodendrocytes. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 199:49-60.

Anderson GW, Mariash CN. Molecular aspects of thyroid hormone-regulated behavior. In: Pfaff DW, Arnold AP, Etgen AM, Fahrbach SE, Rubin RT, eds. (2002) Hormones, Brain and Behavior. Academic Press, 539-566.

Zhu Q, Mariash A., Margosian MR, Gopinath S, Fareed MT, Anderson GW, Mariash CN. (2001) Spot 14 gene deletion increases hepatic de novo lipogenesis. Endocrinology 142(10):4363-70.

Anderson GW. (2001) Thyroid hormones and the brain. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 22:1-17.

Anderson GW, Mariash CN, Oppenheimer JH. Molecular actions of thyroid hormone. In: Braverman LE, Utiger RD, eds. (2000) Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 174-195.

Chen Z, Li K, Rowland RRR, Anderson GW, Plagemann PGW. (1998) Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus variants: cosegregation of neuropathogenicity and impaired capability for high viremic persistent infection. Journal of NeuroVirology 4:560-568.

Anderson GW, Larson RJ, Oas DR, Sandhofer CR, Schwartz HL, Mariash CN, Oppenheimer JH. (1998) Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor (COUP-TF) modulates expression of the Purkinje cell protein-2 gene: A potential role for COUP-TF in repressing premature thyroid hormone action in the developing brain. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273(26):16391-16399.

Anderson GW, Hagen SG, Larson RJ, Strait KA, Schwartz HL, Oppenheimer JH. (1997) Purkinje cell protein-2 cis-elements mediate repression of T3-dependent transcriptional activation. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 131:79-87.

Chen ZY, Rowland RRR, Anderson GW, Palmer GA, Plagemann PGW. (1997) Coexistance in lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus pools of variants that differ in neuropathogenicity and ability to establish a persistant infection. Journal of Virology, 71(4):2913-2920.

Faaberg KS, Palmer GA, Even C, Anderson GW and Plagemann PGW. (1995) Differential glycosylation of the ectodomain of the primary envelope glycoprotein of two strains of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus that differ in neuropathogenicity. Virus Research, 39:331-340.

Anderson GW and Plagemann PGW. (1995) Expression of ecotropic murine leukemia virus in the brains of C58/M mice and of in utero infected CE/J mice. Journal of Virology, 69(12):8089-8095.

Anderson GW, Palmer GA, Rowland RRR, Even C and Plagemann PGW. (1995) Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus entry into the central nervous system and replication in anterior horn neurons. Journal of General Virology, 76:581-592.

Anderson GW, Palmer GA, Rowland RRR, Even C and Plagemann PGW. (1995) Infection of central nervous system cells by ecotropic murine leukemia virus in C58 and AKR mice and in in utero-infected CE/J mice predisposes mice to paralytic infection by lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. Journal of Virology, 69 (1): 308- 319.

Anderson GW, Rowland RRR, Palmer GA, Even C and Plagemann PGW. (1995) Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus replication persists in liver, spleen, lymph nodes and testis and results in accumulation of viral RNA in germinal centers concomitant with polyclonal activation of B cells. Journal of Virology, 69 (8):5177- 5185.

Anderson GW, Even C, Rowland RRR, Harty JT, Palmer GA and Plagemann PGW. (1995) C58 and AKR mice of all ages develop motor neuron disease after lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus infection but only if antiviral immune responses are blocked by chemical or genetic means or as a result of old age. Journal of NeuroVirology, 1:244-252.

Rowland RRR, Even C, Anderson GW, Chen Z, Hu B and Plagemann PGW. (1994) Neonatal infection of mice with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus results in suppression of humoral antiviral immune response but does not alter the course of viraemia or the polyclonal activation of B cells and immune complex formation. Journal of General Virology, 75: 1071-1081.

Anderson GW. (1994) An Analysis of the Parameters Involved in Murine Susceptibility to Age Dependent Poliomyelitis. Ph.D Thesis, University of Minnesota.